I found an interesting article related to securing cyberspace from the Grand Challenges of Engineering. It is about how governments are actually behind some of the major cyber attacks. Here is my summary:
Some of the major breaches in cyberspace security are caused by governments. This is because corporate and national secrets can be obtained through virtual espionage. Not only that, even the information technology infrastructure of a country can be disrupted. It can be said that governments are fighting a war on cyberspace with each other in order to gain dominance financially and politically. A report by Internet experts from various reputable agencies pointed out China as one of the biggest culprit in such cyberspace attacks. However, due to a lack of evidence the China government easily denied involvement. Regardless, it is not the only country using cyberspace for espionage. This is not surprising since government spying has been going on for a long time. But the trouble with these virtual attacks is that they cannot be associated directly with countries. The criminal activities can be conducted by hacker groups who are just supported by a country, and these groups may or may not be totally controlled by that country. Another problem with cyber warfare can be seen from the 2007 five day attack on Estonia by Russia, which caused it's official websites to go down for that period. When Estonia, a NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) country, called on NATO to take military action, it was unable to do so. This is because cyberspace attacks are not viewed as grounds for military protection by NATO. Hence, cyber attacks by a country cannot be responded with military force, no matter how much evidence points to the culprit. And most importantly, countries are rarely accused of cyberspace espionage as it is nearly impossible to prove anything on the Internet. This is why the China government continues to get off scot-free with it's activities.
-Tung, L (2007 November 30). Is World War 3 being fought in cyberspace?. Retrieved September 21, 2008, from ZDNet Australia Web site: http://www.zdnet.com.au/news/security/soa/Is-World-War-3-being-fought-in-cyberspace-/0,130061744,339284216,00.htm
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3 comments:
The summary is well-organised. The situation and problems are explained clearly from one to one.
The style of writing is formal yet easy to be understood by readers. However, some sentences maybe can begin with better conjuction or transition words. For example, "but" can be replaced by "however".
The overall is really great. ^^
It is really a concise and comprehensive summary since the length of the original passage makes it difficult to select information. I just have a doubt in Para.2, "This is because corporate...". Why we use "corporate" in stead of "cooperation"? Besides, I agree with Christine that it is a bit unacademic to begin a sentence with words like"but" or "and".
It is a very nice job with a very strong logic all over the summary. The idea flows very smoothly with the transitions. And it is also very clearly explained about all the different situations;,thus make it easy to understand and more convincing. Well done~~~
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